Quick-Guides to Inclusion: Ideas for Educating Students with Disabilities, Second Edition - Softcover

Michael F. Giangreco, Ph.D., has spent nearly 40 years working with children and adults in a variety of capacities including special education teacher, community residence counselor, camp counselor, school administrator, educational consultant, university teacher, and researcher. Dr. Giangreco received a bachelor's degree from the State University of New York-College at Buffalo and graduate degrees from the University of Vermont and the University of Virginia. He received his doctoral degree from Syracuse University and has been a faculty member at the University of Vermont since 1988. His work and educational experiences have led Dr. Giangreco to focus his research, training, and other work activities on three interrelated aspects of educating students with and without disabilities in their local general education schools: 1) individualized curriculum planning, 2) adapting curriculum and instruction, and 3) coordinating support services in schools. Dr. Giangreco is the author of numerous professional publications, including Choosing Outcomes and Accommodations for Children (COACH): A Guide to Educational Planning for Students with Disabilities, Second Edition, with Chigee J. Cloninger and Virginia Salce Iverson (Paul H. Brookes Publishing Co., 1998); the first two sets of Quick-Guides to Inclusion: Ideas for Educating Students with Disabilities (Paul H. Brookes Publishing Co., 1997, 1998); and Vermont Interdependent Services Team Approach (VISTA): A Guide to Coordinating Educational Support Services (Paul H. Brookes Publishing Co., 1996). Beginning in 1998, he collaborated with artist Kevin Ruelle to complete an unusual project consisting of three sets of educational cartoons: Ants in His Pants (Peytral Publications, 1998); Flying by the Seat of His Pants (Peytral Publications, 1999); Teaching Old Logs New Tricks (Peytral Publications, 2000). Dr. Giangreco's work has been advanced by the feedback and input of innumerable students (with or without disabilities), parents, teachers, administrators, related services providers, and other colleagues.

Mary Beth Doyle, Ph.D., works for the Vermont Department of Education as Project Coordinator of Vermont's Higher Education Collaborative to increase the number of licensed special education teachers available to the state's public schools. This project is aimed at providing field-based access to higher education for teachers in rural communities around the state. A unique aspect of this project is the partnerships that have been established among the University of Vermont, Castleton State College, Johnson State College, Lyndon State College, and St. Michael's College. These higher education institutions are working together with the state Department of Education and school districts on the design and delivery of instruction as well as administrative issues to create a strategic approach to issues of limited access to higher education for teachers around the state. The majority of Mary Beth's work has focused on creating positive learning communities for all children in which adults create a sense of welcome. To this end, Mary Beth's writing and training activities focus on issues of curriculum adaptations, paraprofessional teaming, and collaboration.

Linda Davern, M.S., is a doctoral student in the Division of Special Education and Rehabilitation at Syracuse University. Her past positions include that of research assistant with the Syracuse Curriculum Project, public school teacher, and adult service worker. Her primary research interest is focused on integration efforts in public schools.

June E. Downing, Ph.D., was a national leader in the field of special education who focused her expertise, time, and energy researching best practices and advocating for individuals with severe and multiple disabilities. She was a steadfast promoter of inclusive education, viewing access to the general education program and peers without disabilities as best practice, as well as an issue of social equality and civil rights. Dr. Downing was an exceptionally productive scholar who published numerous articles, chapters, monographs, and textbooks focusing on the education and inclusion of students with severe and multiple disabilities. Her publications are used by many educators and parents to learn how to provide quality education in inclusive classrooms to students with severe and multiple disabilities. Dr. Downing provided numerous professional development trainings in many regions of the world and served as the keynote speaker at several national and international conferences. She was known for her practical, invigorating, and humorous presentations and workshops. Dr. Downing's career in the field of special education began as a teacher of students with visual impairments and multiple disabilities including deafblindness. She was Associate Professor at the University of Arizona in Tucson and Professor at California State University, Northridge (CSUN). She directed or codirected several federally funded personnel preparation, research-to-practice, and technical assistance projects and was committed to preparing exceptional, highly qualified teachers, whose role she saw as change agents for the future. Through Dr. Downing's teaching and hands-on guidance, her students developed a passion for teaching and a strong commitment to supporting quality lives for students with disabilities and their families. While at CSUN, Dr. Downing contributed to the development of the CHIME Institute's Charter School and was instrumental in its high-quality inclusive educational practices. Dr. Downing served on the National TASH Board of Directors for six years and was Past President of Cal-TASH and AZ-TASH (the California and Arizona state chapters of TASH). She also served as an associate editor of Research and Practices for Persons with Severe Disabilities. Dr. Downing retired from CSUN in 2007 and returned to Tucson, where she lived until her death in July 2011. Her indomitable spirit, passion, and determination have been a driving force in our field, and her work continues to inspire and create positive and successful learning outcomes for students.

Karen A. Erickson, Ph.D., David E. and Dolores J. Yoder Distinguished Professor, Director, Center for Literacy and Disability Studies, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 321 S. Columbia Street, Suite 1100 Bondurant Hall, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599

Karen A. Erickson is Yoder Distinguished Professor and Director of the Center for Literacy and Disability Studies at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. A former teacher of children with significant disabilities, Dr. Erickson's current research addresses literacy and communication assessment and intervention for students with a range of disabilities, including significant disabilities. Dr. Erickson is codeveloper of the Tar Heel Reader online library of accessible books for beginning readers as well as several other assistive, learning, and communication technologies.

Douglas Fisher, Ph.D., is Associate Professor in the College of Education, Department of Teacher Education, at San Diego State University, where he teaches classes in English language development and literacy. His background includes adolescent literacy and instructional strategies for diverse student needs. He often presents at local, state, and national conferences and has published numerous articles on reading/literacy, differentiated instruction, accommodations, and curriculum development. He serves as Director of Professional Development for the City Heights Educational Collaborative in San Diego, California.

Beth Harry, Ph.D., is a professor of special education at the University of Miami in Florida. A native of Jamaica, Beth graduated from St. Andrew High School in 1962 and went on to pursue her bachelor of arts and master's degrees at the University of Toronto and her doctorate at Syracuse University. Beth has been a teacher all of her adult life, including teaching English at the secondary and community college levels and special education at all levels. Beth's current work focuses on teaching and research related to disability, multicultural, and family issues. She lived in Trinidad for 12 years, where both her children—Melanie and Mark Teelucksingh—were born.

Cheryl M. Jorgensen, Ph.D., is an inclusive education consultant in private practice after being a project director with the Institute on Disability at the University of New Hampshire (UNH) and an assistant research professor in UNH's Education Department from 1985 to 2011. She is a co-founder of the National Center on Inclusive Education. Jorgensen has authored several books (including The Inclusion Facilitator’s Guide and The Beyond Access Model) and research articles; presents at state, national, and international conferences; and provides student-specific consultation throughout the United States.

David A. Koppenhaver, Ph.D., Professor, Department of Reading Education and Special Education, Appalachian State University, ASU Box 32085, 151 College Street, Boone, North Carolina 28608

David A. Koppenhaver is Professor in the Reading Education and Special Education Department at Appalachian State University. His Dr. Koppenhaver's research focuses on literacy in individuals with signifi cant disabilities, including those with complex communication needs. He and David Yoder cofounded the Center for Literacy and Disability Studies at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in 1990.

John McDonnell, Ph.D., Dr. McDonnell's research focuses on curriculum and instruction, inclusive education, and transition programs for students with intellectual and developmental disabilities. He has published extensively in these areas and has been actively involved in the development of innovative school programs for more than 25 years.

Patricia A. Prelock’s primary academic appointment is Professor of Communication Sciences and Disorders; she has a secondary appointment in pediatrics in the College of Medicine. Her primary research interests include collaborative, interdisciplinary practice and the nature and treatment of autism, including social perspective taking, peer play, emotion regulation, and the neural pathways involved in social discourse. She has served as Associate Editor for Language, Speech, and Hearing Services in Schools, was named an American Speech-Language-Hearing Association Fellow in 2000, and is President-elect of the American Speech-Language-Hearing Association. Dr. Prelock was the cochair of Vermont’s statewide Autism Task Force for four years and is a member of the workgroup for the Autism Training Program through the Higher Education Collaborative. Dr. Prelock has more than 120 publications and more than 400 peer-reviewed and invited presentations in the areas of autism, collaboration, language assessment and intervention, and phonology. Dr. Prelock received the 1998 Friends Award through the Vermont Parent Information Center, UVM’s Kroepsch–Maurice Excellence in Teaching Award in 2000, and the first annual Autism Society of Vermont Excellence in Service Award in 2000. She was named a University Scholar in 2003. In 2010, she was awarded the Puppet’s Choice Award for Autism through the Kids on the Block Program. Dr. Prelock earned her bachelor’s and master’s degrees from Kent State University and her doctoral degree from the University of Pittsburgh. She is a board-recognized child language specialist.

Dr. Schuh is a Research Assistant Professor in the Department of Education at UNH. She received her master's degree in special education from Syracuse University and her doctoral degree in education from UNH. She has been with the Institute on Disability at UNH since its inception in 1987 and is the Project Investigator on numerous projects related to family and consumer leadership development and educational systems change activities in the areas of preschool, students with emotional and behavioral disabilities, higher education, and students with complex medical issues. Dr. Schuh has more than 20 years of experience in inclusive schools and communities and project management. She is working on systems change in the areas of personnel preparation, leadership development, assistive technology, and inclusive education. In addition, she teaches a course titled Introduction to Exceptionality at UNH. Dt. Schuh is the author and co-author of numerous chapters and publications related to inclusive communities and serves on the Boards of Directors of several nonprofit organizations including the Disability Rights Center. Dr. Schuh is a founding board member of the Alliance for Community Supports, an organization devoted to serving the needs of young people with emotional and/or behavioral issues through a process of wrap-around support and self-directed futures planning.She travels extensively nationally and internationally, providing technical assistance and learning from others about promoting social justice and full community participation for individuals with disabilities and their families.

Michael L. Wehmeyer, Ph.D. is Professor of Special Education; Director, Kansas University Center on Developmental Disabilities; and Senior Scientist, Beach Center on Disability, all at the University of Kansas. He has published more than 25 books and 250 scholarly articles and book chapters on topics related to self-determination, special education, intellectual disability, and eugenics. He is s co-author of the widely used textbook Exceptional Lives: Special Education in Today's Schools, published by Merrill/Prentice Hall, now in its 7th Edition. His most recent book, co-authored with J. David Smith, is Good Blood, Bad Blood: Science, Nature, and the Myth of the Kallikaks, published by the American Association on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities (AAIDD). Dr. Wehmeyer is Past-President (2010-2011) of the Board of Directors for and a Fellow of AAIDD; a past president of the Council for Exceptional Children's Division on Career Development and Transition (DCDT); a Fellow of the American Psychological Association (APA), Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Division (Div. 33); a Fellow of the International Association for the Scientific Study of Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities (IASSIDD); and former Editor-in-Chief of the journal Remedial and Special Education. He is a co-author of the AAIDD Supports Intensity Scale, and the 2010 AAIDD Intellectual Disability Terminology, Classification, and Systems of Supports Manual.

Quick-Guide #7: Provide Learning Experiences that Are Active and Participatory

Excerpted from Quick-Guides to Inclusion: Ideas for Educating Students with Disabilities, edited by Michael F. Giangreco, Ph.D.

Copyright © 1991 by Paul H. Brookes Publishing Co. All rights reserved. No part of this excerpt may be reproduced or reprinted without permission in writing from the publisher.

I've heard teachers say, "A student with disabilities wouldn't get a lot out of being in that class because the teacher does a lot of large-group lectures, worksheets, and paper-and-pencil tests." My first reaction is, "You're right, it doesn't sound like that situation matches the needs of the student with disabilties." This leaves me wondering, "Is this kind of educational situation a mismatch for any of the students who don't have disability labels?" Given the diversity of learning styles among students, educators are increasingly questioning whether passive, didactic approaches really meet the needs of very many students.

Activity-based learning is well-suited to including learners with a wide range of educational needs and learning styles. One of the gifts that students with disabilities can bring to the classroom is to highlight the need to use more active, participatory, creative approaches to learning. In the process of increasing the amount of activity and participation to accommodate the needs of a student with disabilities, teachers often realize that these approaches are motivating, preferred, and effective for many other students in the class. They seem to be more enjoyable for the teachers too.

Increasing activity and participation can include a wide range of options, such as individual or cooperative projects, drama, experiments, field study, art media, computers, research, educational games, multimedia, various forms of choral responding, and many others. Any actions you take as a teacher can probably be adapted to be a meaningful learning experience for your students. Making sure students have lots to do that is interesting and motivating can have side benefits such as diminishing behavior problems and encouraging positive social behaviors. Your students can be very helpful in designing active learning experiences.